When the smell-prediction model's molecule embeddings were plotted in 2D, scents formed coherent, nested neighborhoods — e.g., jasmine, rose, and violet emerged as sub-clusters within a larger floral region — without ever being told such relationships existed.
Visualizing the 'principal odor map' via PCA, Osmo found scent categories self-organized into clean, nested clusters (florals containing jasmine/rose/violet sub-regions, fermented scents even shaped like a bottle) that emerged purely from the data, without explicit supervision. ✦ AI generated
Alex Wiltschko · The TWIML AI Podcast · 2026-07-08 · original ↗
starts at this moment · 14:51
“And so now the structure that you observed in the embedding space talk a little bit about that.”
But then if you draw like jasmine or rose or um you know, violet, they actually ended up being sub regions inside of floral. And we didn't tell it that like we didn't tell it that there was this nested relationship of of of nature there.
verbatim transcript · starts at 14:51
14:51that all had the same smell. And >> so the sweet neighborhood, the cucumber neighborhood, that kind of didn't have to be neighborhoods, right? Like all these all the cucumber molecules could be completely spread out, in which case every region might actually be all overlapping with each other. But what was really beautiful is if we circled the floral region, it was this pretty big part on the left. We can, you know,
15:12share the the images with with with the listeners if you'd like, but this the floral region was pretty big and was on a side of the left. But then if you draw like jasmine or rose or um you know, violet, they actually ended up being sub regions inside of floral. And we didn't tell it that like we didn't tell it that there was this nested relationship of of
15:29of nature there. And similarly, the the region for um for fermented and alcoholic was actually shaped like a bottle during our first model train and we haven't touched it since because it's so funny. [laughter] Um but things like fermented and whiny and like rum those those all fermented alcoholic um scents were all in the same region as well. And that this this pattern continued for basically all of scent. I mean that's I
15:53thought that was very beautiful. Um, one thing that really struck me with that map, which we're still working out, frankly, is these scents actually, if you if you blur your eyes, it it almost looks like how it's a story of how nature makes those scents, right? So, fermented uh scents like from wine or rum etc. Those are made by yeast that are fer actually it's a biological
16:18process that's producing these molecules, right? So, there's a story of how the molecules produced and same same with flowers. those are all genetically much more related to each other than they are to say um other species that produce nuts or you know bark or whatever. Um and uh they're all clustered together. So in a way like there's this story of like actual biological life and scent that seems to
16:39be very tightly woven together. >> And are there like confounding examples there? I'm imagining, you know, both fermentation and florals are kind of these natural scents, but are there other scents that are like completely unnatural? Maybe the the thing that we put in natural gas to give it a smell like and what is what are the shapes of [clears throat] the the shapes of these non organic smells like differ in some