The Pope and Philip II of Spain celebrated the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre, proving that Catholic powers were committed to eradicating Protestantism and confirming English Protestants' darkest suspicions about an international conspiracy against them.

71:50mean, the Catholics are I mean, not not all of them, but but across cities in France, they are doing copycat massacres. But I think what's really shocking and particularly to Protestants, but also actually to a lot of Catholics as well, is the reaction from the leading figures in the Catholic world. So, the Pope ordered a TDM to be sung and he issued a commemorative medal which showed an angel with a cross and a

72:15drawn sword killing heretics. So, he's basically saying, "This is great. Fantastic. Here's a medal. And Philip II of Spain, the most powerful Catholic king, when he receives the news of the massacre, he goes to a monastery to pray and to give thanks to God. And then he he returns to court and he speaks to the French ambassador and laughs and says that your master Charles the 9th, well,

72:36he truly deserves his title of most Christian king for this godly massacre. So that's the initial response. But I do think that in due course when the full details of what has happened starts to emerge that there is a kind of feeling of embarrassment among Catholics who had celebrated the massacre as a kind of godly cleansing and the excitement comes to be replaced almost by a sense of

73:00shame and in fact even at the time in Paris there were Catholics who were appalled by the slaughter. So monasteries in the capital had provided shelter to Hugeno fugitives and individual Catholics too had very bravely offered shelter and refuge to Protestants who were fleeing mobs. And intriguingly and this really complicates the kind of the sense that we have from Elizabeth and propaganda about the geese this very powerful Catholic family. The

73:29Duke of Geese offered shelter to fugitive Catholics. And is this because basically it had got out of hand from what he'd originally planned. He'd planned this as an internal aristocratic a settling accounts and an aristocratic feud and actually then turned into something much bigger. He'd lost control of it in a way. >> I think also by offering Protestant noblemen against whom he doesn't have a grudge shelter he's getting, you know,