Closed models (like ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini) are fully controlled by the AI lab, analogous to dining at a restaurant, while open weight models are like having the recipe published so you can run them yourself.

6:08the extent of it. Really, why all of this stuff is so cloudy and why it's so hard to judge is these models are black boxes. There's no way for us to figure out what's actually inside of them. So, that's who's creating the models and how they create them. Now, let's talk about how you get access to these models because you can get access to them in various ways.

6:27And one of the first main ways that people get access to these models is via what I'm going to call a restaurant or a closed model. And so, essentially, when you go to a restaurant, the restaurant owns that entire experience. You order from their menu, the kitchen makes it, they have chefs that they trust. You then eat your food, pay, tip your waiter, but overall, the restaurant is

6:48in full control of that experience. And this is essentially what you get with the closed aspect of models. And so, the models that you interact with at chat.openai.com or gemini.google.com or claude.ai are all closed models. The only way to get direct access to those models is to go to those specific websites or use their specific apps. They control the entire experience. They can choose whether or not they answer

7:13certain types of questions, they can choose how long and how often you get to use the model, [music] and they get to set the pricing. And so, closed models are the majority of how people interact with these models, especially if you're in the United States. But, there's another type of restaurant that has brick-and-mortar [music] locations and controls the whole experience, but also potentially publishes and offers all of their

7:35recipes online, so people can make that food at home. And one of the best examples I could find of this is the Cheesecake Factory. When you go into their restaurant, they have a massive menu and lots of stuff to choose from, but if you go to their website, some of their most popular menu items are actually freely available as recipes for you to look at and make

7:54yourself at home. And so, while they're in full control of the experience when you go to the restaurant, if you make these recipes at home, you're in control. And this is much closer to what Chinese AI labs do, where they're actually in control if you go to their website, like quin.ai or z.ai or kimee.com. You can access their models in the same way you would get access to

8:14the closed US models through their website. And when you visit their website or use their app, your prompts and every bit of data that's used whenever you're interacting with that model is traveling to China. But, all of these Chinese AI labs also offer up what are known as open weight models, which is like publishing their recipes online. And when they do that, that actually means you can download these open weight

8:34models to run them on your own computer or your own hardware or your own servers in the cloud. Now, we will come back to that idea of open weight models in just a little bit, but let's talk about food some more because the other way that you get access to food is via food delivery. You can pull open your phone, open up one of these food delivery apps, choose